AN fittings, also known as Army-Navy fittings, are an essential component in various industries including automotive, aerospace, and motorsports.
The unique design of AN fittings features a 37-degree flare at the end of the fitting, which provides a secure and leak-free connection with a compatible hose. With a range of sizes and designs available, AN fittings are suitable for a variety of applications and provide numerous benefits, including flexible hose connections, leak-free connections, and durability.
In this article, we’ll discuss the history, sizes, types, and applications of AN fittings, as well as provide a guide on how to choose the right fittings for your needs.
Read on to discover the world of AN fittings and how they can benefit your specific commercial application.
The History of AN Fittings
AN fittings have a rich history that dates back to World War II when they were first developed for use in military applications. The name “Army-Navy” is a nod to their military origins, as the fittings were used by both the army and navy.
Today, AN fittings are widely used in various industries and applications, including automotive and aerospace.
Understanding AN Fitting Sizes
One of the most important aspects of AN fittings is understanding the sizing. AN fittings are available in a range of sizes, each with a unique designation. The size of an AN fitting is indicated by two numbers separated by a dash, such as “AN6” or “AN8.” The first number refers to the size of the fitting, while the second number refers to the thread size.
For example, an “AN6″ fitting has a nominal size of 6/16″ and a thread size of 3/8”-24. On the other hand, an “AN8″ fitting has a nominal size of 8/16″ and a thread size of 7/16”-20.
It’s important to note that AN fittings are designed to fit a specific hose size. Therefore, it’s crucial to choose the correct size fitting for your specific application to ensure a proper and secure connection.
The most common AN fitting sizes are:
- AN-4
- AN-6
- AN-8
- AN-10
- AN-12
- AN-16
- AN-20
These sizes refer to the diameter of the fitting in 1/16th inch increments, for example AN-4 is 1/4 inch in diameter. These fittings are commonly used in automotive and aerospace applications for fluid transfer such as oil, fuel, and coolant systems.
AN Fitting Types and Applications
AN fittings are commonly used in high performance and racing applications where the need for high flow and leak-free connections is critical. They are also used in aircraft, military/tactical, and industrial applications where lightweight and high-pressure fittings are required. A
N fittings are typically made of lightweight aluminum and have a 37-degree flare, making them suitable for use in high-stress and high-pressure systems. They can be found in fuel, oil, and cooling systems, as well as in turbocharger and nitrous oxide systems. AN fittings are also commonly used in custom automotive builds and modifications, where the builder or racer wants to create a unique and high-performance system.
AN fittings are available in a variety of shapes and designs, including straight, 45-degree, and 90-degree elbows, and tees. You can use these fittings in a variety of applications, including:
Fuel Lines
Fuel lines are an essential component in any vehicle, providing the necessary fuel to the engine. AN fittings are commonly used in high-performance fuel systems, as they are designed to handle high pressures and provide a secure connection.
Oil Coolers
Oil coolers are used to keep engine oil at the proper temperature, which helps to extend the life of the engine. AN fittings are often used in oil cooling systems, as they are designed to handle high-pressure oil and provide a leak-free connection.
Power Steering Systems
Power steering systems use hydraulic pressure to make steering easier, especially at low speeds. AN fittings are commonly used in power steering systems, as they are designed to handle high-pressure hydraulic fluids and provide a leak-free connection.
Brake Systems
Brake systems are critical components in any vehicle, providing the necessary stopping power. AN fittings are often used in high-performance brake systems, as they can handle high-pressure brake fluid and provide a leak-free connection.
Advantages of Using AN Fittings
AN fittings offer a range of benefits. Let’s take a look at some of them here:
Ease of Assembly
AN fittings are designed for ease of assembly, making it possible to quickly and easily connect hoses to various components. This is particularly important in performance applications, where quick and easy assembly is crucial.
Flexibility
AN fittings offer excellent hose flexibility, which is crucial in performance applications. The flexible hoses connected to the AN fittings can bend and move without causing any damage to the fittings, which is essential in high-vibration applications.
Leak-Free Connections
AN fittings are designed to provide leak-free connections, ensuring that fluids or gases are contained within the system. This is particularly important in applications where the safety of the system or the environment is a concern.
Durability
AN fittings are made of high-quality materials, such as aluminum or stainless steel, which makes them highly durable and resistant to wear and tear. This is particularly important in applications where the fittings will be exposed to harsh conditions, such as high pressures, temperatures, and chemicals.
How are AN fittings installed?
Installing AN fittings is an important step in ensuring proper and leak-free operation in fluid systems. The process typically involves the following steps: cleaning the fitting and hose ends, attaching the fitting to the hose using a crimping tool or clamp, and checking for leaks.
Proper installation of AN fittings requires attention to detail and careful selection of the appropriate fitting and crimping equipment. In order to ensure a secure and leak-free connection, it is important to follow manufacturer instructions and to inspect the fitting regularly.
With proper installation and maintenance, AN fittings provide a reliable and long-lasting solution for fluid transfer in automotive, aerospace, and industrial applications.
What are SAE Fittings?
If you are familiar with AN adapters and fittings, you have probably heard of SAE fittings as well. SAE fittings are fittings used in automotive and industrial applications. SAE stands for Society of Automotive Engineers, a professional organization that sets standards for various automotive and industrial components, including fittings.
These types of fittings are commonly made of steel and have a 45-degree flare, which helps to create a leak-free seal when used with a hose that has a matching 45-degree flare. These fittings are commonly used in traditional automotive applications, such as in brake and fuel systems, where they provide a reliable and secure connection.
SAE fittings are identified by their SAE size (i.e. SAE-3, SAE-4, SAE-5, etc.) and designed to meet SAE specifications and standards.
Where are SAE Fittings Used?
SAE fittings are commonly used in traditional automotive applications, such as in brake and fuel systems. They can also be found in older vehicles and in some industrial applications that do not require the high performance capabilities of AN fittings.
SAE fittings are typically made of steel and have a 45-degree flare, making them well-suited for use in systems that don’t experience high levels of stress or pressure.
AN Fittings vs SAE Fittings: Key Differences
AN fittings and SAE fittings are two commonly used types of fittings in the automotive industry. Understanding the difference between the two is important when it comes to selecting the right fitting for your needs.
AN Fittings
- AN fittings are used in high performance, industrial, and hazardous environments
- AN fittings are typically made from lightweight aluminum and have a 37-degree flare.
- AN fittings come in a variety of sizes and are typically identified by their AN size (e.g. AN-6, AN-8, AN-10, etc.).
- Designed to work with hoses that have a matching 37-degree flare.
SAE Fittings
- SAE fittings are used in more traditional automotive applications such as fuel and brake systems
- Typically made from steel and have a 45-degree flare.
- Identified and labeled by their SAE size (e.g. SAE-3, SAE-4, SAE-5, etc.).
- Designed to work with hoses that have a matching 45-degree flare.
Comparison of AN and SAE Fittings
| Line Item | AN Fittings | SAE Fittings |
|---|---|---|
| Measurement System | Army-Navy (AN) Measurement System | Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Measurement System |
| Applications | Automotive and aerospace fluid transfer systems | Hydraulic & pneumatic systems for industrial applications |
| Diameter Measurement | Measured in 1/16th inch increments | Measured in fractional inches |
| Thread Type | Straight thread (no taper) with a 37-degree flare | Tapered thread with a 60-degree cone seat |
| Sealing Method | Uses a flare and ferrule to create a seal | Uses a cone seat and an O-ring to create a seal |
Choosing the Right AN Fittings for Your Application
When choosing AN fittings for your application, there are several factors to consider, including:
Hose Size
As mentioned earlier, AN fittings are designed to fit a specific hose size. It’s important to choose the correct AN size fitting for your specific application to ensure a proper and secure connection.
Application Requirements
Different applications have different requirements, such as pressure, temperature, and fluid compatibility. It’s important to choose AN fittings that meet the requirements of your specific application.
Material
AN fittings are available in a variety of materials, including aluminum and stainless steel. It’s important to choose the right material for your application, based on factors such as strength, weight, and resistance to wear and tear.
Brand
Many brands offer AN fittings, and it’s important to choose a reputable brand that offers high-quality products. Reputable brands are more likely to offer fittings that meet your specific requirements and are designed to last.
The Final AN-chor: Summing Up the Benefits of AN Fittings
AN fittings are essential components in various industries, especially in automotive and aerospace. They are designed to provide flexible, leak-free connections, and are available in a range of sizes and designs.
By understanding the history of AN fittings, their sizes, types, and applications, and choosing the right fittings for your specific needs, you can ensure that your system runs smoothly and safely.
Ready to take your AN fittings knowledge to the next level? Check out the comprehensive resources available at Lighting and Supplies for even more information and expert tips!